Deteksi Dini Perkembangan Anak dengan DDST (Denver Development Screening Test) di RA/KBIT Siti Khodijah Slawi

Abstract

Abstrak: Latar belakang: Masa balita merupakan pertumbuhan dasar yang akan mempengaruhi dan menentukan perkembangan anak selanjutnya. Pada usia ini otak anak mengalami pertumbuhan yang sangat pesat yang dikenal dengan istilah Masa Emas (The Golden Age). Golden age merupakan masa yang sangat penting untuk memperhatikan tumbuh kembang anak secara cermat agar sedini mungkindapat terdeteksi apabila terjadi kelainan. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh di RA/KBIT Siti Khodijah Slawi terdapat 24 siswa yang berusia 3-4 tahun, 67 siswa yang berusia 4-5 tahun dan 91 siswa yang berusia 5-6 tahun. Tujuan: Meningkatkan pengetahuan guru tentang pemantauan perkembangan pada anak, Memberikan edukasi tentang metode skrining perkembangan anak dengan metode DDST, Melakukan pemantauan perkembangan terhadap anak dengan metode DDST. Metode: Pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat dengan menggunakan pengukuran DDST (Denver Development Screening Test) di RA/KBIT Siti Khodijah Slawi dilaksanakan pada hari Selasa, Tanggal 25 Februari 2020. Hasil: Hasil Pemeriksaan DDST yang dilakukan pada 125 anak didapatkan hasil keseluruhan adalah 121 anak (96,8%) dinyatakan normal, 3 anak (2,4%) mengalami perkembangan suspect dan 1 anak (0,8%) tidak dapat dites. Tumbuh kembang anak secara menyeluruh dapat diamati dari gerak kasar (motorik kasar), gerak halus (motorik halus), kemampuan bicara, bahasa, bersosialisasi, kemandirian. Kesimpulan: Dengan adanya guru RB/KB IT yang terlatih diharapkan kegiatan deteksi dini perkembangan anak dapat berjalan secara rutin sehingga perkembangan anak menjadi tanggung jawab bersama antara orang tua dan guru. Guru diharapkan  dapat memperhatikan perkembangan anak didiknya dengan cara menstimulasi pada 4 aspek perkembangan, yaitu personal sosial, adaptif-motorik halus, bahasa, dan motorik kasar agar perkembangan anak dapat mencapai optimal.

Abstract: Background: Childhood is a basic growth that will influence and determine the child's subsequent development. At this age, the child's brain experiences very rapid growth known as the Golden Age. The Golden age is a very important time to pay close attention to the child's growth and development so that as early as possible it can be detected if abnormalities occur. Based on data obtained at RA/KBIT Siti Khodijah Slawi, there were 24 students aged 3-4 years, 67 students aged 4-5 years and 91 students aged 5-6 years. Objective: The socialization can improve teacher knowledge about monitoring the children development, provide education about screening methods by DDST method, and conduct monitoring the development of children with the DDST method. Method: Implementation of community service use Detection of Child Development with DDST (Denver Development Screening Test) scale at RA/KBIT Siti Khodijah Slawi was held on Tuesday, February 25, 2020. Results: Results of DDST examination conducted on 125 children showed that overall results were 121 children (96.8%) declared normal, 3 children (2.4%) experienced development suspect and 1 child (0.8%) could not be tested. The whole child development can be observed from gross motion, fine motion, speech ability, language, socializing, and their independence. Conclusion: With the presence of RB/KB IT teachers, it is expected that early detection of the children development activities can be carried out routinely so that it is a shared responsibility between parents and teachers. Teachers are expected to pay attention to the students’ development by stimulating 4 aspects of development, namely personal social, adaptive-fine motor, language, and gross motor skills so that children's development can reach optimal levels.